Association Analysis Between Methylation of SCARB1 Gene Promoter and Coronary Heart Disease / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To explore the relationship between scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1) gene promoter methylation and the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Methods A total of 120 patients with coronary heart disease treated in Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from December 2018 to May 2020 were selected as the case group,while 140 gender and age matched healthy participants were randomly selected as the control group for a case-control study.The methylation status was detected by high-throughput target sequencing after bisulfite converting,and the methylation of CpG sites in the promoter region of SCARB1 gene was compared between the two groups. Results The case group showed higher methylation level of SCARB1+67 and lower methylation level of SCARB1+134 than the control group (both P<0.001),and the differences remained statistically significant in men (both P<0.001) and women (both P<0.001).The overall methylation level in the case group was lower than that in the control group [(80.27±2.14)% vs.(81.11±1.27)%;P=0.006],while this trend was statistically significant only in men (P=0.002). Conclusion The methylation of SCARB1 gene promotor is associated with the pathogenesis and may participate in the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease.

Microbe-based management for colorectal cancer / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent, most lethal cancers in the world. Increasing evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is closely related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of CRC. The normal microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining gut barrier function and the immune microenvironment. Recent studies have identified carcinogenic bacteria such as enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) and Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus), as well as protective bacterial such as Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), as potential targets of CRC treatment. Gut microbiota modulation aims to restore gut dysbiosis, regulate the intestinal immune system and prevent from pathogen invasion, all of which are beneficial for CRC prevention and prognosis. The utility of probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and dietary inventions to treat CRC makes them novel microbe-based management tools. In this review, we describe the mechanisms involved in bacteria-derived colorectal carcinogenesis and summarized novel bacteria-related therapies for CRC. In summary, we hope to facilitate clinical applications of intestinal bacteria for preventing and treating CRC.

Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 6 is involved in regulating cell cycle of endometrial carcinoma cells / 第二军医大学学报

ObjectiveTo study the expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 6 (TRPC6) in endometrial carcinoma tissues and their role in regulating cell cycle of endometrial carcinoma cells. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to examine the expression of TRPC6 in 30 normal endometrial specimens, 30 atypical hyperplasia specimens and 32 endometrial carcinoma specimens. SKF96365 (an inhibitor of TRPC6 channel) and RNA interference (RNAi) targeting TRPC6 by small interference RNA (siRNA) were used to block TRPC6 so as to explore the role of TRPC6 in regulating the cell cycle of endometrial carcinoma cells HEC-1A. Results The expression levels of TRPC6 mRNA and protein in endometrial carcinoma were significantly higher than those in the atypical hyperplasia endometria and normal endometrial tissues (P<0.01). SKF96365 retarded cell cycle at G2/M phase in a dosedependent manner and reduced HEC-1A cells of G0/G1 phase. Transfection with target-TRPC6 siRNA retarded cell cycle of HEC-1A cells at G2/M phase, and reduced HEC-1A cells of G0/G1 phase compared with negative control siRNA. Meanwhile, transfection with target-TRPC6 siRNA increased phosphorylated cell division cycle 2 (pCDC2) protein expression in HEC-1A cells. Conclusion The expression of TRPC6 is elevated in endometrial carcinoma tissues. TRPC6 may influence cell cycle through regulating pCDC2.

TRPC6 channels expression in endometrial cancer and their role in regulating proliferation of endometrial cancer cells / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of transient receptor potential canonical-6(TRPC6)channels in endometrial cancer tissues and their role in regulating proliferation of endometrial cancer cells.METHODS: Thirty patients with endometrial cancer who were treated from January 2011 to June 2015 in Henan Provincial People's Hospital and Xuchang People's Hospital were chosen as the study group;the controls group consisted of 24 atypical hyperplasia patients and 28 uterus leiomyoma patients.Molecular biological techniques were used to examine the expression of TRPC6 channels in 30 endometrial cancer specimens,24 atypical hyperplasia specimens and 28 normal endometrial specimens.SKF96365(an inhibitor of TRPC6 channel)and siRNA interference(RNAi)targeting TRPC6 channel were used to block TRPC6 so as to explore the role of TRPC6 channels in regulating the proliferation of endometrial cancer cells by[3 H]thymidine incorporation and cell number.RESULTS: The expression levels of TRPC6 in endometrial cancer were notably elevated than those in the atypical hyperplasia endometrial and normal endometrial tissues. The expression levels of TRPC6 in endometrial cancer vs. the control:mRNA:(0.98±0.56)vs.(0.30±0.24 and0.23±0.13)(P<0.01):protein:(1.22±0.39)vs.(0.75±0.27 and 0.73±0.26)(P<0.01);The expression level of TRPC6in endometrial cancer tissues was not related to the surgical pathological staging, but was related to pathological staging; SKF96365 caused a dosedependent decline in cell amount of HEC-1 A cell. The expression quantity of TRPC6 in whole lysates of the celltransfected with target-TRPC6 small interference RNA(siRNA)was(38.51±6.21)% of that found in the cells transfected with non-silencing RNA;[3 H]thymidine incorporation in HEC-1 A transfected with target-TRPC6 siRNA was also reduced,siRNA inhibited HEC-l A cells proliferation,compared with the cells transfected with non-silencing RNA.CONCLUSION:s TRPC6 channels mignt be closely related to the proliferation of endometrial cancer cells and down regulation of its expression may suppress its development.

Recent Progress of Molecular Genetic Characteristics and Prognosis of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Lymphomas are traditionally divided into Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL), the NHL is a common hematological cancer, which represents a wide spectrum of illnesses from the most indolent to the most aggressive malignancies, and the detection of related molecular targets will be needed for diagosing each subtype of NHL. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of NHL have improved the precision of diagnosis and the prognosis evaluation of patients with this disorder, such as chromosomal translocation leading to the up-regulation of oncogene expression. Besides, the deletion of several tumor suppressor genes may cause excessive proliferation in tumor cells, and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) determines the differences of susceptibility, drug-resistance and prognosis of NHL. In addition, DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA and other epigenetic phenomena play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, selection of clinical drugs and evaluation of prognosis of NHL. In this review, the recent progress of researches on chromosome translocation, deletion of tumor suppression genes, gene poly-morphism and epigenetics are summarized.

A Preliminary Study on the Expression of CD160 on NK Cells and Its Mechanism of Mediating NK Killing Effect / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of CD160 on the surface of human natural killer (NK) cells and its possible relationship with hematological malignancies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CD160 expression on human leukemia cell line NK92 cells was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. The proliferation characteristics and cell surface markers of this cell line were determined. Cytotoxicity of NK92 against 2 human myeloid leukemia cell lines, K562 and THP-1 was analyzed ex vivo. CD160 blocking antibody CL1-R2 was employed to clarify its role in NK cell mediated cytolysis. Then, the expression of CD160 on NK cells in peripheral blood from various patients with hematological malignancies were measured by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA and protein levels of CD160 expressions on NK92 cells were confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The flow cytometry results demonstrated that the strong positive expression of CD160 could be detected on the NK92 cell surface. NK92 could effectively kill K562 and THP-1 cells, while the cytolysis effect was abrogated in the presence of CD160 blocking antibody CL1-R2. The high levels of HVEM were expressed on both target cells, but the HLA class I molecules were absent on K562. The expression of CD160 on CD3CD56 NK cells in peripheral blood from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients was significant lower than that in the normal controls (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cytolysis function of human NK cells is mediated partially by CD160 molecule. The decrease of CD160 expression on NK cells from patients with various hematological malignancies implies that down-regulation of CD160 expression may be a novel mechanism of tumor immune escape.</p>

Protective effects of shikonin on brain injury induced by carbon ion beam irradiation in mice / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Radiation encephalopathy is the main complication of cranial radiotherapy. It can cause necrosis of brain tissue and cognitive dysfunction. Our previous work had proved that a natural antioxidant shikonin possessed protective effect on cerebral ischemic injury. Here we investigated the effects of shikonin on carbon ion beam induced radiation brain injury in mice. Pretreatment with shikonin significantly increased the SOD and CAT activities and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in mouse brain tissues compared with irradiated group (P<0.01), while obviously reduced the MDA and PCO contents and the ROS levels derived from of the brain mitochondria. The shikonin also noticeably improved the spatial memory deficits caused by carbon ion beam irradiation. All results demonstrated that shikonin could improve the irradiated brain injury which might resulted from its modulation effects on the oxidative stress induced by the 12C6+ ion beam.

2-Bromoethylamine protects vascular endothelium by inhibiting SSAO activity in diabetic rats / 生理学报

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of aortic semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity in diabetic rats and examine the effect of 2-bromoethylamine (2-BEA) on SSAO activity and vascular endothelium in diabetic rats. SSAO was prepared from rat aorta. For assessment of the inhibitory effect, the enzymes were preincubated in the presence of different concentrations of 2-BEA before the addition of benzylamine in vitro. Type 1 diabetic rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), diabetic model group (DM), 2-BEA 5 mg/kg group, 2-BEA 20 mg/kg group (n = 10 in each group). 2-BEA was administered daily via intraperitoneal injection for 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, blood sample was collected from the abdominal aorta. Plasma nitric oxide (NO) was determined by nitrate reductase method. Plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) was determined by radioimmunoassay. Aorta SSAO was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The aorta was prepared to observe morphological changes and ultramicroscopic structures. The results were as follows: Compared with NC group, aortic SSAO activity and the plasma ET-1 were significantly increased (P < 0.01), and plasma NO was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in DM group. 2-BEA decreased plasma ET-1 and elevated plasma NO by inhibiting aortic SSAO activity in diabetic rats (P < 0.01), and 2-BEA 20 mg/kg group was more significant than 2-BEA 5 mg/kg group (P < 0.05). Endothelial injury of 2-BEA group rats was less serious than DM group. These results suggest that 2-BEA protect aortic endothelium by inhibiting aortic SSAO activity.

Involvement of the mitochondrion-dependent and the endoplasmic reticulum stress-signaling pathways in isoliquiritigenin-induced apoptosis of HeLa cell / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a licorice chalconoid, is considered to be a bioactive agent with chemopreventive potential. This study investigates the mechanisms involved in ISL-induced apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cell viability was evaluated using a 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using an Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit. The intracellular ROS levels were assessed using a 2, 7-dichlorofluorescein probe assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured with the dual-emission potential-sensitive probe 5, 5', 6, 6'-tetra-chloro-1, 1', 3, 3'-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC-1). The degradation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) protein, the phosphorylation of PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), the phosphorylation of the α-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), the expression of the 78 kD glucose-regulated protein (GRP 78), and the activation of caspase-12 were analyzed via western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ISL significantly inhibited the proliferation, the increase in ROS levels and apoptotic rates of HeLa cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, ISL induced mitochondrial dysfunction, caspase activation, and PARP cleavage, which displayed features of mitochondria dependent on apoptotic signals. Besides, exposure of HeLa cells to ISL triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as indicated by the increase in p-eIF2α and GRP78 expression, ER stress-dependent apoptosis is caused by the activation of ER-specific caspase-12.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings from our study suggest that ISL-induced oxidative stress causes HeLa cell apoptosis via the mitochondrion-dependent and the ER stress-triggered signaling pathways.</p>

Intermediate-conductance-Ca2+activated K+channels are involved in regulating cell cycle of endometrial cancer cells / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To study the expression of intermediate? conductance? Ca2+-activatedK+ (KCa3.1) channelsin Endometrial cancer tissues and their role in regulating cell cycle of endometrial cancer cells.Methods Real?time PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to examine the expression of KCa3.1 channels in 25 normal endometrial specimens,26 atypical hyperplasia specimens and 25 endometrial cancer specimens.Clotrimazole (an inhibitor of KCa3.1 channel)and RNA interference (RNAi) targeting KCa3.1 channel were used to block KCa3.1, so as to explore the role of KCa3.1 channels in regulating the cell cycle of endometrial cancercells.Results The expression levels of KCa3.1 mRNA and protein in endometrial carcinoma were significantly higher than those in the typical hyperplasia endometrial and normal endometrial tissues (P<0.01).Clotrimazole retarded cell cycle at G0-G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner and reduced HEC-1-Acells of S phase.KCa3.1 protein level in cells transfected with target-KCa3.1 siRNA was only (40.27±6.09)%that of cells transfected with negative control.Transfection with target?KCa3.1 siRNA also retarded cell cycle of HEC-1A cells atG0-G1phase,and reduced cells of S phase compared with negative control siRNA. Meanwhile,transfection with target=-KCa3.1 siRNA also reduced cyclinD1 protein expression in HEC-1A cells. Conclusion The expressions of KCa3.1 channels are elevated in endometrial cancer tissues,and KCa3.1 channels may influence cell cycle through regulating cyclinD1.

Correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient and brain metabolites in infarct area of patients with acute cerebral infarction / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the changes of brain metabolites of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in infarct area after acute cerebral infarction and the correlation between the ADC values and brain metabolites. Methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients with acute cerebral infarction were enrolled in the study. They were all performed head MR scan, magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) , ADC map and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The ADC values and the content of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline, creatine, and lactic acid were measured in the central and peripheral area of infarction, peripheral normal brain tissue, and the contralateral mirror image area of the central area of infarction (mirror image area). The correlation analyses between ADC values and NAA, choline, creatine, and lactic acid were performed. Results: Circled digit oneCompared with the contralateral mirror image area, the ADC value decreased significantly in the central area of infarction, and the ADC value decreased mildly in the peripheral area (P < 0.01). The ADC values did not change significantly in the peripheral normal brain tissue. Circled digit twoCompared with the contralateral mirror image area, the NAA content decreased significantly and the lactic acid content increased significantly in the central area of infarction. The NAA content decreased mildly and the lactic acid content increased mildly in the peripheral area. There were no significant changes in the NAA and lactic acid in the peripheral normal brain tissue. There were no significant differences in the choline content in the peripheral area of infarction, peripheral normal area and mirror image area, but they were all higher than that in the central area of infarction, and the differences were significant (P <0.05, P < 0.01). Circled digit threeAfter acute cerebral infarction, the ADC value of brain tissue was positively correlated with the NAA content (rs = 0.196, P = 0.027), negatively correlated with the lactic acid content (rs = - 0.381 , P = 0.000), and was not correlated with the choline content (rs = 0.088, P = 0.326). Conclusion: The ADC value, NAA, choline and choline content changed in the central area of infarction and peripheral area after acute cerebral infarction. The changes of ADC values has a certain correlation with the NAA and lactic acid content.

Effect of temperature and time on stability of ketamine in biological samples / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The stability of ketamine in biological samples was studied under different storage temperature and time.@*METHODS@#The rabbits were given intragastric administration of ketamine with a dose of 150 mg/kg and were sacrificed after 30 minutes. Blood, liver, kidney and brain of the rabbits were stored at room temperature (between 18 degrees C and 24 degrees C) and -20 degrees C. The specimens were analyzed at different times by GC-MS and GC-NPD.@*RESULTS@#At -20 degrees C, the concentration of ketamine decreased in all of samples (P < 0.05) within 30 days. The concentration of ketamine increased in all of samples stored at room temperature after 5 days(P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The stability of ketamine in biological samples stored at -20 degrees C was better than that at room temperature. The samples suspected containing ketamine should be stored at -20 degrees C and should be tested as soon as possible.

Study of the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome of dyslipidemia / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The study aimed to explore the relationship between the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine (Hcy) and other indices of laboratory and the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome of dyslipidemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 152 dyslipidemia patients and 8 healthy people (taken as the control group) were recruited. According to the theory of the TCM syndrome, 152 dyslipidemia patients were assigned to 4 groups: the stagnation of phlegm (SP) group, the blood stasis blocking channels (BSBC) group, the stagnation of phlegm and blood (SPB) group and the non-stagnation of phlegm and blood (NSPB) group. The carotid ultrasonic test, hs-CRP, Hcy, blood rheology and blood lipids were examined for all the recruited patients. The relationships among carotid IMT, laboratory indices and TCM syndrome of dyslipidemia were analyzed by the methods of F test and multiple linear regressions.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Carotid IMT was significantly different among groups of healthy people and different TCM syndromes. The sequence from lowest to highest was: healthy group, NSPB group, SP group, SPB group and BSBC group. (2) Triglyceride (TG) and blood rheology were significantly different between the groups of healthy people and different TCM syndromes. Among different TCM syndrome groups, TG and blood rheology in the NSPB group were the lowest, but were the highest in SPB group. (3) Hcy, very low density lipoprotein and TG were correlated with atherosclerosis of the carotid.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Carotid IMT, TG and blood rheology were closely correlated with the TCM syndrome of dyslipidemia. Atherosclerosis of the carotids would be prone to occur if one of these factors was heightened.</p>

Analysis of the mutation of BRCA1 gene in 70 Uigur women breast cancer patients in Xinjiang / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the mutations of BRCA1 in breast cancer patients of Uigur women in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequencing, BRCA1 mutations were detected in 70 Uigur women breast cancer cases and 32 cases of benign breast diseases and non-tumor tissue next to carcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) 12 new loci of BRCA1 gene mutation were detected firstly in 70 Uigur women breast cancer patients. (2)The frequency of BRCA1 mutation in 70 Uigur women breast cancer cases was 12.86% (9/70). The frequency of BRCA1 mutation in Uigur women early onset breast cancer was 31.82% (7/22), which was significantly higher than that in late onset group (2/48, 4.16%) (chi(2) =10.295, P<0.01). (3) There were BRCA1 gene polymorphisms in 9 of 70 Uigur women breast cancer patients. The loci of polymorphisms in 8 of 9 cases were 3232A>G. (4)In the research group two cases of bilateral breast cancer were found with BRCA1 gene mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mutation of BRCA1 gene may be related to Uigur women breast cancer and bilateral breast cancer.</p>

Study on rules of TCM syndrome in patients with dyslipidemia and its objectization / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the rules of TCM syndrome in patients with dyslipidemia and its relation with C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine (Hcy), carotid ultrasonic picture, blood lipids and blood viscosity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From 152 recruited patients symptoms and physical signs (including figures of tongue and pulse) were selected and analyzed in grading and quantifying by factor analysis. At the same time, blood lipids, CRP, Hcy, carotid ultrasonic picture and blood viscosity were detected to conduct a canonical correlation analysis for exploring the relationship between different TCM syndromes and their corresponding physical and/or chemical indexes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five types of TCM syndrome obtained by factor analysis were syndrome of Shen-yin deficiency (I), Pi-qi deficiency (II), turbid-phlegm impediment (III), blood stasis (IV), and phlegm-blood block (V). By canonical correlation analysis, they were characterized with: Type I, high levels of CRP and blood viscosity; Type II, high level of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C); Type III, high level of total cholesterol (TC) and low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and Type V, high level of Hcy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The five syndrome types frequently found in patients with dyslipidemia are syndrome of Shen-yin deficiency, Pi-qi deficiency, turbid-phlegm impediment, blood stasis, and phlegm-blood block. Different syndrome has its own correlation with some corresponding physical and/or chemical laboratory indexes, the issue provides new evidences for the objectification of TCM syndromes in patients with dyslipidemia.</p>

Study on tissue culture and plant regeneration of Nervilia fordii / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Tissue culture of Nervilia fordii to get its regeneration.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Effects on indusement of rhizoma and plant regeneration of different implants, density of hormones, additives were studied.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The best implant was conn. Effect of 6-BA 2 mg x L(-1) were better than 6-BA 1 on rhizoma reducing. The coconut juice and active carbon could increase the growth of rhizoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Bud could be induced on 1/2MS + 6-BA 2 mg x L(-1) by inoculating corm on culture mediem, and could grow lots of rhizoma after inoculating on the culture mediem containing 10% coconut juice and 1 per thousand active carbon. The white rhizoma could be induced to corms and regeneration plants on 1/2MS + 1 per thousand active carbon. The green rhizoma could be induced directerly to regeneration plants on 1/2MS + 6-BA 2 + NAA 2.</p>

Microflora on mucosa under different pontics of fixed partial bridge / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of three pontic types on alveolar ridge mucosal microecosystem.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients ready to accept three unit metal ceramic bridges were selected. The bacterial type and the cultivable flora were counted and the proportions of bacteria detected on the top of alveolar ridge mucosal contact area before tooth preparation and three months after bridge insertion.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Type and CFU of bacteria on the alveolar ridge mucosa under modified base-type pontics and modified ridge lap pontics increased significantly (P < 0.05); while there was no significant change under the ovata pontics (P > 0.05). Before tooth preparation and 3 months after fixed prosthesis insertion, the percentages of oral Streptococci and Neisseriae changed significantly (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The ovata pontic had less influence on mucosal microecosystem than the other two pontics and is the appropriate pontic design for clinical dentist.</p>

Alkaline-degradation products of ginsenosides from leaves and stems of Panax quinquefolium / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the alkaline-degradation products of ginsenosides from leaves and stems of Panax quinquefolium L.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Isolation and purification were carried out on silica gel and HPLC; the structures of chemical constituents were elucidated by spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the alkaline-degradation products, nine compounds were identified as: 20 (S) -protopanaxadiol (I), 20 (S) -dammar-25 (26)-ene-3beta, 12beta, 20-triol (II), 24 (R) -ocotillol (III), 20 (S) -protopanaxatriol (IV), 20 (S) -dammar-25 (26)-ene-3beta, 6alpha, 12beta, 20-tetrol (V), dammar-20 (21), 24-diene-3beta, 12beta-diol (VI), dammar-20(21), 24-diene-3beta, 6alpha, 12beta-triol (VII), 20 (S), 24 (S) -dammar-25 (26) -ene-3beta, 6alpha, 12beta, 20, 24-pentanol (VIII), 20 (S) -dammar-23-ene-25-hydroperoxyl-3beta, 6alpha, 12beta, 20-tetrol (IX).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The configuration of C20 position of ginsenosides was not changed by alkaline-degradation. The complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts of four new compounds V, VII, VIII, IX, were acquired by means of 2D NMR spectra. Compound I showed antitumor effect on human colon carcinoma cells in vitro.</p>

Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on experimental cerebral ischemia in rats / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a soluble element extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L., on focal cerebral ischemia in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Focal cerebral ischemia in male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Three doses of 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 mg x kg(-1) of HSYA were administrated to three groups of rats, separately, via sublingular vein injection 30 min after the onset of ischemia. 24 h after ischemia in rats, neurological deficit scores were evaluated and the infarction area of brain was assessed by quantitative image analysis. The in vitro neuroprotective effect of HSYA was tested in cultured fetal cortical neurons exposed to glutamate and sodium cyanide (NaCN).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HSYA at doses of 3.0 and 6.0 mg x kg(-1) exerted significant neuroprotective effects on rats with focal cerebral ischemic injury as expressed by neurological deficit scores and reduced the infarct area as compared with saline group, and the potency of HSYA at dose of 6.0 mg x kg(-1) was similar to that of 0.2 mg x kg(-1) of nimodipine. In vitro studies, HSYA significantly inhibited neurons damage induced by exposure to glutamate and NaCN in cultured fetal cortical cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HSYA has potential neuroprotective action against focal cerebral ischemia in rats and cultured rat fetal cortical neurons as well.</p>

Correlation between B beta-Fibrinogen Gene Polymorphism,Plasma Fibrinogen Level and Henoch-Schoenlein Purpura in Children / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the association of B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A polymorphism and plasma fibrinogen levels with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura(HSP) in children.Methods Sixty-seven children(including 40 boys and 27 girls) with HSP were served as HSP group,age ranging from 5-14 years,with the average age of 9 years.Seventy healthy controls(including 37 boys and 33 girls) were served as healthy controls.Age ranging from 5-13 years,with the average age of 9 years.The B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A polymorphism was detected in all subjects by polymerase chain reaction-restrictive fragment length polymorphism technique with restrictive enzyme HaeⅢ.Results There were a greater proportion of individuals with the AA,GA,GG genotype in the HSP group comparied with those of the healthy controls(?2=29.5 P0.05].Conclusions The B?-fibrinogen gene-455G/A mutation is correlated with HSP in children,A allele is susceptibility gene of HSP in children.The plasma fibrinogen level is related to HSP in children.